[All-postdocs] Biology and Aquaculture Seminar next week: Marta Gomez-Chiarri, University of Rhode Island

[Margot McKlveen]

**

*Biology Department Virtual Seminar and Aquaculture Seminar Series*

*

Thursday, October 21, at Noon

Zoom link: 
https://whoi-edu.zoom.us/j/98650838433?pwd=TjN2bjNOVTIvYzQwblRETkhoNVJFUT09 
<https://whoi-edu.zoom.us/j/98650838433?pwd=TjN2bjNOVTIvYzQwblRETkhoNVJFUT09>


Marta Gomez-Chiarri

Professor, Department of Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Science

University of Rhode Island; gomezchi at uri.edu <mailto:gomezchi at uri.edu>


A (meandering) exploration through strategies to avoid and prevent 
diseases in aquaculture

Marta is an aquatic pathologist. She coordinates the interdisciplinary 
Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems undergraduate program at the 
University of Rhode Island, a major that explores the food chain, from 
farm to plate to waste and back, emphasizing sustainability, impacts on 
human health, and resilience from economic, environmental, and societal 
viewpoints. She is also the coordinator of graduate programs in the 
department of Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Science. Marta’s research 
interests include the use of multidisciplinary approaches to the 
prevention and management of diseases in marine organisms, from 
probiotics and microbial-microbial interactions to genomics and 
comparative immunology. Her collaborative national and international 
research on marine diseases is driven by a desire to ensure equitable 
access to healthy food that is sustainably produced.


In this seminar, Marta will highlight some of the most recent strategies 
that her team, in collaboration with other groups, has used to approach 
disease management in wild and cultured populations of the eastern 
oyster, Crassostrea virginica. These strategies range from the use of 
probiotics to prevent vibriosis in larval shellfish to the use of 
selective breeding for disease resistance to prevent parasitic diseases 
affecting adult oysters.  For example, her team has developed two 
bacterial probiotics that are effective in preventing vibriosis in 
shellfish hatcheries. In vitro bacterial competition assays showed that 
that the mechanisms involved in the activity of probiont Phaeobacter 
inhibens S4 against the bacterial pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus RE22 
are complex, including antibiosis, quorum quenching, and 
immunostimulation.  In contrast, larvae exposed to the bacterial 
pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus RE22 showed evidence of 
immunosuppression.   Transcriptome analysis of lines of oysters with 
varying levels of resistance to the bacterial pathogen Aliiroseovarius 
crassostreae and the protozoan parasite Perkinsus marinus support the 
potential importance of serine protease inhibitors and genes in 
cell-death pathways (such as apoptosis) in disease resistance.  Analysis 
of bivalve genomes, combined with resequencing data from 96 oysters 
collected at sites from Texas to Maine, also showed the evolutionary 
significance of apoptosis, as illustrated with significant expansions in 
the number of genes in families related to apoptosis control.  She will 
discuss how this information can be applied to the improvement of 
strategies geared to prevent diseases in oysters.


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*

-- 
Margot McKlveen | she/her
Senior Administrative Assistant
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Redfield Building Room 305 | MS 32
266 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole, MA 02543
508-289-2334
mmcklveen at whoi.edu
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