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        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l5:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l5:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l5:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l5:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l5:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l5:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l5:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l6
        {mso-list-id:641159374;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:864956820 67698689 67698691 67698689 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l6:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l6:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l6:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l6:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l6:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l6:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l6:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l6:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l6:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l7
        {mso-list-id:649793035;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:486826562 67698689 67698689 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l7:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l7:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l7:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l7:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l7:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l7:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l7:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l7:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l7:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l8
        {mso-list-id:651059348;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:-1188664580 67698691 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l8:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l8:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l8:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l8:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l8:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l8:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l8:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l8:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l8:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l9
        {mso-list-id:688415008;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:1129994788 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l9:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l9:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l9:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l9:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l9:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l9:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l9:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l9:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l9:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l10
        {mso-list-id:764544185;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:-962937578 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l10:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l10:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l10:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l10:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l10:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l10:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l10:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l10:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l10:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l11
        {mso-list-id:816844749;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:-1448061368 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l11:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l11:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l11:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l11:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l11:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l11:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l11:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l11:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l11:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l12
        {mso-list-id:1021123534;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:-706162494 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698691 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l12:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l12:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l12:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l12:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l12:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l12:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l12:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l12:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l12:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l13
        {mso-list-id:1121653763;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:-660438962 67698689 67698689 67698691 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l13:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l13:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l13:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l13:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l13:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l13:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l13:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l13:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l13:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l14
        {mso-list-id:1204172342;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:-703538958 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l14:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l14:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l14:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l14:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l14:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l14:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l14:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l14:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l14:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l15
        {mso-list-id:1246960778;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:-1891862460 67698689 67698689 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l15:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l15:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l15:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l15:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l15:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l15:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l15:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:6.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l15:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:6.5in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l15:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:7.0in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l16
        {mso-list-id:1300376679;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:700597762 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l16:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l16:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l16:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l16:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l16:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l16:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l16:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l16:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l16:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l17
        {mso-list-id:1422752055;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:916598160 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l17:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l17:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l17:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l17:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l17:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l17:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l17:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l17:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l17:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l18
        {mso-list-id:1509442320;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:-1390539316 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l18:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l18:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l18:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l18:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l18:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l18:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l18:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l18:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l18:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l19
        {mso-list-id:1685201979;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
        mso-list-template-ids:1048056874 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l19:level1
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l19:level2
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:1.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l19:level3
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l19:level4
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:2.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l19:level5
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l19:level6
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:3.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l19:level7
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0B7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Symbol;}
@list l19:level8
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:o;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:4.75in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l19:level9
        {mso-level-number-format:bullet;
        mso-level-text:\F0A7;
        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
        mso-level-number-position:left;
        margin-left:5.25in;
        text-indent:-.25in;
        font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l20
        {mso-list-id:1704095227;
        mso-list-type:hybrid;
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<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="CZ-Mail"><a name="OLE_LINK13"></a><a name="OLE_LINK14">CZ-MAIL<o:p></o:p></a></p>
<p class="CZ-MailSubhead">2016 Year in Review<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Welcome to the year-in-review edition of CZ-Mail, which highlights many of the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management’s (CZM) accomplishments in 2016, provides news and information about our
programs and regions, and discusses the notable achievements of our partners. CZM would like to thank all of the people and organizations that contribute their time, effort, and passion to working on issues important to the Massachusetts coast. It has been
a pleasure to work with you over the past year, and we look forward to a positive and productive 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">The next regular edition of CZ-Mail will be in February. Additional information about CZM's programs, publications, and other coastal topics can be found on the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/czm"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">CZM website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, and daily CZM updates are posted on
</span><a href="http://twitter.com/MassCZM"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Twitter</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">. To subscribe to CZ-Mail, send a blank email to
</span><a href="mailto:join-env-cz-mail@listserv.state.ma.us"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">join-env-cz-mail@listserv.state.ma.us</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">. Please feel free to share CZ-Mail with colleagues and friends—and if you have any suggestions
for future editions, would like your name added to the mailing list, or would like your name removed, please email your request to
</span><a href="mailto:CZ-Mail@state.ma.us?subject=January%202017%20CZ-mail%20Request"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">CZ-Mail@state.ma.us</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailSubhead">Overview of 2016 at CZM<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><a name="OLE_LINK3"></a><a name="OLE_LINK4"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">From key initiatives to address climate change and stormwater impacts at the local level to major developments in regional ocean planning and offshore wind
energy, 2016 has been a busy and productive year for CZM and our partners. In the ocean management realm, CZM worked on behalf of the Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs (EEA) as a member of the Northeast Regional Planning Body, which just
finalized the </span></a><a href="http://neoceanplanning.org/plan/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Northeast Ocean Plan</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, a collaborative effort to promote better ocean management decisions throughout the region. CZM
also continued working with the federal Bureau of Ocean Energy Management on renewable wind energy development on the outer continental shelf offshore of Massachusetts. On the StormSmart Coasts front, CZM awarded $1.8 million for 19
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/stormsmart-coasts/grants/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Resilience Grants</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, which fund efforts to reduce or eliminate risks associated with
coastal storms, erosion, and sea level rise. These grants also support Governor Baker’s
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/governor/press-office/press-releases/fy2017/gov-baker-signs-climate-change-strategy-executive-order.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Climate Change Strategy Executive Order</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, which
was issued in September. CZM also provided extensive direct technical assistance to communities and coastal businesses and helped secure an almost $1 million grant for a regional effort to document and predict coastal storm impacts and increase the implementation
of sustainable, nature-based infrastructure approaches (living shorelines). In coastal habitat, CZM and partners completed an important project to identify estuarine marshes vulnerable to sea level rise. With coastal water quality, CZM’s Buzzards Bay National
Estuarine Program, together with five towns and the Buzzards Bay Action Committee, launched the
</span><a href="http://stormwater.buzzardsbay.org/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Buzzards Bay Stormwater Collaborative</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> to map stormwater infrastructure and identify sources of pollution to shellfish beds and swimming
beaches. In addition, CZM awarded almost $350,000 for five </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/coastal-water-quality/cpr/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Pollutant Remediation Grants</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">
to communities for on-the-ground projects that reduce coastal water pollution and improve the health of coastal resources, and provided pilot grants to municipalities to retrofit stormwater BMPs to increase their resilience to sea level rise, storm surge,
and increased precipitation. These and other highlights and accomplishments for CZM and its hosted programs in 2016 are summarized below.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailSubhead">CZM Program Accomplishments<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">CZM’s mission is to balance the impact of human activities with the protection of coastal and marine resources through planning, public involvement, education, research, and sound resource management.
To achieve these goals, as well as to meet the needs of municipal officials, property owners, educators, and others in the coastal community, CZM maintains a range of programs. The 2016 accomplishments for each CZM program area are listed below.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailProgram"><a name="OLE_LINK5"></a><a name="OLE_LINK6">Ocean Management<o:p></o:p></a></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Ocean Advisory Commission
</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">- On January 26, a meeting of the Commonwealth’s
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/waste-mgnt-recycling/coasts-and-oceans/mass-ocean-plan/ocean-advisory-commission.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Ocean Advisory Commission</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> was held with a slate of new and
reappointed commission members. The commission is made up of legislators; representatives from commercial fishing, environmental organizations, offshore renewable energy, and coastal regional planning bodies; and the heads of CZM, Massachusetts Department
of Environmental Protection (MassDEP), and Division of Marine Fisheries (DMF). Agenda items included an overview of the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/waste-mgnt-recycling/coasts-and-oceans/mass-ocean-plan/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">2015 Massachusetts Ocean Management Plan</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> and discussion regarding next steps and future
efforts for implementing key management and science elements of the plan. A summary of the process, findings, and recommendations of the state’s
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/erosion-commission"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Erosion Commission report</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> was provided. The Ocean Advisory Commission also heard updates on the work underway on
</span><a href="http://neoceanplanning.org/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">ocean planning in the Northeast</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> and discussed its role in providing input to the planning process. Finally, the commission reviewed the latest
work on the development of a performance and evaluation framework for tracking and reporting progress on the 2015 ocean plan. On June 27, the Commission met to approve the final ocean plan performance evaluation framework and provide comments and feedback
on the Draft Northeast Ocean Plan, which was out for public comment. The latest updates on implementation of the Massachusetts Ocean Plan as well as work on renewable energy in the Massachusetts Wind Energy Area were discussed. The Commission will meet again
in 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Northeast Ocean Plan</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - On December 7, the
</span><a href="http://neoceanplanning.org/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Northeast Regional Planning Body</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> (RPB), a group with representatives from six New England states, six federally recognized tribes, nine federal
agencies, and the New England Fishery Management Council, announced the completion of the
</span><a href="http://neoceanplanning.org/plan/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Northeast Ocean Plan</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">—the result of a federal Executive Order issued in 2010 that established a national ocean policy and tasked regional
planning bodies with developing regional ocean plans. Several years of scientific study, data analysis, public participation, and collaboration have led to a comprehensive characterization of ocean ecosystems and human uses and the subsequent development of
a regional ocean plan for the Northeast. The plan commits to using better regional ocean information to guide and inform decisions made under existing authorities. This approach, coupled with best practices for enhanced coordination and public engagement,
enables RPB agencies to identify potential conflicts between ocean uses and inform efforts to mitigate negative impacts to marine life and habitat. Data used to develop the plan is available through the
</span><a href="http://neoceanplanning.org/easy-access-to-ocean-data/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Northeast Data Portal</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">. Plan implementation will begin in the coming weeks. For more information, updates, and announcements,
stay tuned to the </span><a href="http://neoceanplanning.org/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Northeast RPB website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Massachusetts Offshore Wind Development</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - On October 25, the U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and the Massachusetts
Clean Energy Center (MassCEC) announced the results of two new multi-year marine wildlife survey efforts that focus on collecting baseline biological occurrence and distribution data for whale, turtle, and bird species within the Wind Energy Areas (WEAs) offshore
Massachusetts and Rhode Island. The wildlife surveys found that the Massachusetts and Rhode Island WEAs avoid the high concentrations of protected species of whales, turtles, and seabirds in these areas. For details and to download the reports, see the
</span><a href="https://www.boem.gov/press10252016/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">BOEM Press Release</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">. On November 14-15, CZM and MassCEC hosted public information meetings in Vineyard Haven and New Bedford to present,
answer questions, and discuss recent and upcoming planning and assessment activities related to future offshore wind projects in federal waters off Massachusetts. Topics included an overview of the new energy diversity law and updates on marine mammal and
bird studies, meteorology and physical oceanographic data collection, geological surveys, and transmission planning. Representatives of BOEM participated at the meeting. For more information on the offshore wind activities for Massachusetts, see the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/energy-utilities-clean-tech/renewable-energy/wind/offshore-wind.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">EEA website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Seafloor Mapping Initiative</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) published
</span><a href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20161168"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">High-resolution geophysical data from the Inner Continental Shelf: South of Martha's Vineyard and north of Nantucket, Massachusetts</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">,
which presents geophysical data collected by USGS during a survey in 2013. The report includes bathymetric data (water depth), acoustic backscatter that provides an image of the seafloor, and seismic-reflection profiles that reveal the nature of the sediment
layers below the seafloor and was prepared as part of the 13-year, cooperative mapping program between CZM and USGS, which began in 2003 and has mapped more than 2,403 square kilometers (928 square miles) of the Commonwealth’s coastal waters. For more information,
see CZM’s </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/seafloor-and-habitat-mapping/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Seafloor Mapping Program website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> and the recently updated USGS
</span><a href="http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/coastal_mass/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Geologic Mapping of the Seafloor Offshore of Massachusetts website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, or contact CZM’s Dan Sampson at
</span><a href="mailto:daniel.sampson@state.ma.us"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">daniel.sampson@state.ma.us</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Regional Resilience Project -
</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">In March, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Office for Coastal Management announced an award of $891,243 to the Northeastern Regional Association of Coastal Ocean Observing Systems and
a team of partners to improve prediction and protection from coastal storms and increase the implementation of sustainable, nature-based infrastructure approaches (living shorelines). CZM is working with its peers at state coastal programs in the region, the
Nature Conservancy, the Northeast Regional Ocean Council, and other partners to develop state-of-the-practice information on living shorelines; examine, identify, and address regulatory issues associated with natural infrastructure practices; develop and implement
a series of training program workshops; and advance community-based living shoreline planning and assessment pilot projects.
<span style="color:#222222;background:white">For more information, see the </span>
</span><a href="http://www.noaa.gov/noaa-announces-additional-community-resilience-grants-totaling-45-million"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;background:white">NOAA press release</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#222222;background:white">.</span><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Gulf of Maine Council Awards</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In June, the Gulf of Maine Council on the Marine Environment presented its annual awards during
a ceremony in Fredericton, New Brunswick, which honored three environmental leaders from Massachusetts. Glorianna Davenport and Evan Schulman of Tidmarsh Farm received a Visionary Award for their work on the ecological restoration of 250 acres of cranberry
bogs and adjacent lands in Plymouth. With support from the Massachusetts Division of Ecological Restoration and partners including the Massachusetts Bays National Estuary Program, this project is the largest coastal freshwater wetlands restoration effort to
date in the Commonwealth. William S. Spitzer, Vice President for Programs, Exhibits, and Planning at the New England Aquarium, received a Visionary Award for his mentoring and professional development efforts in the marine education community. At the aquarium,
Billy develops mission-driven exhibits and programs and oversees exhibit design, visitor experience, volunteer and education programs, and strategic planning. Billy has also served as Chair of the New England Ocean Science Education Collaborative, a regional
entity that brings together diverse marine education organizations around collective work and learning. For a complete list of winners and more information on the awards, see the
</span><a href="http://www.gulfofmaine.org/2/gomc-home/awards/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Gulf of Maine Council website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.
<span style="color:#222222;background:white">Also this year, GOMC released a new fact sheet and a new theme paper. In September, GOMC’s
</span>EcoSystem Indicator Partnership (ESIP) released <i>Fisheries Issues in the Gulf of Maine</i>, a fact sheet that summarizes data from the Gulf of Maine for three key indicators: ocean jobs, dominant species, and diversity. An additional spotlight focuses
on the importance of the lobster fishery to the region. Download this fact sheet and other ESIP documents on the
</span><a href="http://www.gulfofmaine.org/2/esip-fact-sheets"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">ESIP website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">. In November, the Council published
</span><a href="http://www.gulfofmaine.org/2/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Watershed-Status-low-res-Final.pdf"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Watershed Status</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> (PDF, 2 MB), a
<i>State of the Gulf of Maine Report</i> theme paper that focuses on the current status of the region’s watersheds, exploring some of the many forces, pressures, and impacts affecting watershed health. For details and links to other theme papers, see the
</span><a href="http://www.gulfofmaine.org/2/sogom-homepage/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">State of the Gulf of Maine web page</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailProgram"><a name="OLE_LINK1"></a><a name="OLE_LINK2"><span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow;font-weight:normal"><o:p> </o:p></span></a></p>
<p class="CZ-MailProgram">StormSmart Coasts<o:p></o:p></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">CZM Coastal Resilience Grant Awards</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In August, CZM awarded more than $1.8 million in funding through the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/stormsmart-coasts/grants/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Resilience Grant Program</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> to advance local efforts to reduce risks associated with
coastal storms, flooding, erosion, and sea level rise. The Fiscal Year (FY) 2017 grants were awarded to:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Beverly - $89,981 to identify climate change risks and develop preliminary strategies to protect the most vulnerable public infrastructure and critical facilities from flooding and sea level rise.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Boston - $227,000 to build on the vulnerability assessment developed through the Climate Ready Boston project and develop and design nature-based coastal resiliency strategies for two priority sites:
East Boston Greenway and Charlestown’s Schrafft site.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Dennis - $22,750 to evaluate, design, and prepare permit applications for a pilot project on Stage Island and West Dennis Beach to determine whether the beneficial re-use of dredged material is an
effective means of combating marsh losses and restoring storm protection functions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Harwich - $187,500 to prepare site plans, architectural drawings, and permit applications for improvements to landside municipal facilities bordering Saquatucket Harbor to accommodate increased flooding
and sea level rise.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Ipswich - $63,300 to assess areas along the Ipswich River that are vulnerable to erosion and sea level rise impacts and evaluate the feasibility of nature-based stabilization techniques to help protect
critical roadways and utilities.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Marshfield - $71,250 to evaluate modifications to the culvert and tide gate structure on Dyke Road under existing and future sea level rise conditions to address flooding issues and enhance ecological
resources by improving tidal flow and flood storage capacity within the Green Harbor River estuary.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Mattapoisett - $47,625 to assess beach stability under a range of sea level rise and hurricane conditions at Fresh Pond Cove and quantify coastal hazard risk to an existing exposed water main that
traverses the beach from Pease’s Point to Point Connett.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">New Bedford - $168,750 to evaluate and design a beach nourishment restoration project along three armored sections of West Rodney French Boulevard that are particularly vulnerable to erosion and
tidal impacts.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Newburyport - $131,530 to prepare design plans for dune restoration and an elevated beach access structure to provide critical storm buffering to low-lying neighborhoods while maintaining beach access.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Plymouth - $111,000 to assess structural and non-structural stabilization alternatives to allow for a more sustainable tidal inlet system at Ellisville Harbor and maximize the health of the salt
marsh.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Quincy - $67,500 to develop and prioritize climate adaptation strategies for protecting Palmer Street and surrounding water resource and utility infrastructure serving the Germantown neighborhood.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Salem - $54,665 to fully design and permit a bioengineering project using coir rolls with natural vegetation along the southern portion of Collins Cove to provide a more natural buffer to erosion
from storm surge and wave forces.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Scituate - $103,500 to evaluate beach and dune nourishment alternatives and roadway elevation improvements along a low-lying area of Central Avenue on North Humarock Beach to provide storm damage
protection for repetitively damaged public infrastructure.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Swampscott - $103,000 to develop design plans and permit applications for improvements to several of its waterfront access ways that have been identified as primary pathways for coastal flooding
from storm surge and sea level rise.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Truro - $35,007 to identify low-lying flooding pathways under current and future storm conditions and incorporate mapping data on a town website as well as the Southern New England Weather Forecast
Office’s inundation mapping webpage.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Wareham - $150,000 to develop permit-level designs for retrofit measures at three of its most critical pump stations to remain operational during future storm events and help minimize public health
and environmental risks.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Weymouth - $51,504 to prepare final design plans and permit documents for replacing a persistently collapsing culvert at Puritan Road and “daylighting” a portion of the Weymouth Back River to reduce
flooding and restore the tidal creek to a more natural condition.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l13 level3 lfo4">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Winthrop - $165,000 to evaluate the vulnerability for critical public infrastructure to coastal flooding and sea level rise and develop conceptual designs for adaptation strategies at up to five
priority locations.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.25in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">For more information, see the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/pr-2016/1-8-million-for-coastal-communities-awarded.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">EEA Press Release</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.25in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo5">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Community Resilience Projects Completed</span></span><span class="MsoCommentReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">
</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">- In 2016, more than 30 projects were completed with
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/stormsmart-coasts/grants/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Resilience Grant</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> funding:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Barnstable studied wind and wave forces affecting the Sandy Neck shoreline and evaluated long-term management options for protecting a public beach facility from storm and flood damages.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Boston reviewed and developed consensus on local climate projections and impacts, identified vulnerabilities, and developed an initial portfolio of actions to help strengthen the resiliency of buildings,
neighborhoods, and infrastructure.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Brewster provided information to the public on the vulnerability of infrastructure and natural resources to flooding and erosion, gathered input on community priorities, and built consensus on local
strategies to respond and adapt to changing climate conditions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Chelsea evaluated the vulnerability of municipal infrastructure to coastal flooding and sea level rise and identified local and regional strategies to reduce future flood risks, including building
retrofits and natural shoreline stabilization methods.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Chilmark designed and permitted plans to expand and restore Squibnocket Town Beach and relocate the beach parking area to a location naturally protected from erosion.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Dennis evaluated a suite of natural and/or non-structural alternatives to reduce erosion and provide storm damage protection and flood control for Dr. Bottero Road that would also enhance the resilience
and natural function of the barrier beach.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Duxbury
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">studied the effects of waves, tides, and the movement of sand and other sediment on both the ocean and bay sides of Duxbury Beach to understand existing conditions and potential impacts
from future storms and sea level rise.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Edgartown completed permitting activities for a beach nourishment and dune restoration design for Fuller Street Beach that would restore habitat, improve the natural function of the barrier beach,
and provide recreational benefits to the town.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Essex developed informational packets and risk maps and conducted a regional workshop to expand public awareness of coastal vulnerabilities in Essex, Salisbury, Newbury, Newburyport, Rowley, and
Ipswich.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Falmouth designed a beach restoration project for a critically eroded section of Chapoquoit Beach and initiated coordination with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to receive sand dredged from the
Cape Cod Canal for future beach restoration projects.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Gloucester reestablished a coastal floodplain along the Little River and improved fish habitat and passage by removing obsolete concrete structures and fill associated
with the original operations of the West Gloucester Water Treatment Plant. <o:p>
</o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Hull </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">identified and assessed municipal infrastructure and natural resources at risk of impacts from flooding, storm surge, increased storm intensity, and sea
level rise and developed short-, mid-, and long-term strategies that can be implemented to minimize future storm damage and disruption of services.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Lynn assessed public infrastructure and natural resources at risk of flooding and sea level rise inundation and developed potential short, mid-, and long-term adaptation strategies to address high
risk areas. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Manchester-by-the-Sea
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">evaluated the capacity of bridges and culverts in the Sawmill Brook watershed to provide needed services during storms under future precipitation and sea level rise conditions and prepared
design plans, cost estimates, and a permitting strategy for infrastructure improvements at key locations in the watershed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Mattapoisett
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">quantified potential impacts to critical water and wastewater infrastructure under a suite of sea level rise and hurricane conditions and developed priority actions to help ensure the resilience
of the infrastructure to future storm and climate impacts.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Nantucket
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">implemented flood- and erosion-control measures at three vulnerable and high-use public sites prioritized by the town’s Coastal Management Plan and identified and mapped low-lying areas
that act as pathways for storm tides to inundate inland areas. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">New Bedford evaluated flood proofing needs for nine of the most vulnerable sewer pump stations and designed improvements to provide uninterrupted service during flood events.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Plymouth completed final designs and permitting activities for adding sand, gravel, and cobble along 900 feet of an eroded barrier beach to reduce damages to public infrastructure and restore natural
coastal resources and habitat. Plymouth also filled seven severely eroded washover areas on Long Beach with rounded cobbles to increase storm damage protection and flood control for Plymouth Harbor.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Provincetown
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">identified low-lying areas that provide a direct pathway for flood waters to reach inland areas and installed a tide gauge to provide real-time water level data.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Quincy completed a coastal flooding and sea level rise vulnerability assessment and implemented a community education program to inform and engage community members on coastal impacts and adaptation
strategies.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailSubhead" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Salem identified sites that are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and evaluated the feasibility of green infrastructure enhancements at these sites.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Sandwich
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">analyzed a nearshore site adjacent to Scusset Beach to determine its viability as a source of sand for future placement on eroding public beaches downdrift of the Cape Cod Canal jetties.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Sandwich and Barnstable studied the volume, rate, and direction of sand moving along the shoreline from the Cape Cod Canal to the easterly side of Barnstable Harbor to help inform the design, evaluation,
and implementation of regional shoreline management efforts.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailSubhead" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Save Popponesset Bay, Inc., evaluated and designed an alternative beach nourishment and dune restoration strategy to stabilize and restore habitat for the publicly accessible barrier
beach on Popponesset Spit.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Scituate studied the effect of waves and the movement of sand and other sediment along the shoreline as a basis for identifying and prioritizing viable shoreline protection strategies. Scituate also
completed permitting activities for future sand, gravel, and cobble nourishment along 2,800 feet of severely eroding public beach at Glades and Surfside Roads in North Scituate.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Swampscott
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">used storm surge and sea level rise inundation models to assess vulnerabilities of municipal infrastructure and natural resources and developed conceptual engineering solutions and policy
recommendations to help protect residents, property, and infrastructure from extreme weather and climate change impacts.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Wareham completed
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">a vulnerability assessment and emergency management plan for critical wastewater infrastructure and identified necessary improvements to help the system endure future storm and climate change
impacts. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Weymouth
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">studied the existing drainage system and runoff characteristics between the Back River and an inland salt marsh and designed adaptive solutions for retrofitting a persistently collapsing
culvert to improve drainage and tidal flow capacity given anticipated climate impacts.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level3 lfo6">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Winthrop </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">modeled watershed drainage patterns, tidal influences, and sea level rise as a basis for redesigning and permitting a tide gate at Lewis Lake to increase
flood water drainage from low lying areas, improve water quality, and possibly reduce the accumulation of sediment where the gate discharges to Winthrop Harbor. Winthrop also rehabilitated the existing tide gate at Lewis Lake to control flow and allow tidal
exchange between Lewis Lake and Winthrop Harbor, helping to maximize available flood storage in the lake and reduce the extent of flooding. And in a third project, Winthrop evaluated natural and non-structural shoreline protection approaches and developed
conceptual plans for a preferred alternative that provides the most erosion control and improved wildlife habitat along the Coughlin Park shoreline.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Little River Restoration and Resilience Project
</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">- In May, the city of Gloucester, state and local officials, and conservation advocates celebrated the completion of the Little River restoration and resilience project, which involved day-lighting portions of buried
waterway, replacing an aging concrete channel with a natural stream bed, and restoring sensitive coastal wetlands. These efforts have already dramatically improved ecological conditions, eliminated a public safety hazard, reduced flooding risks, and enhanced
climate change resilience in the small coastal stream that flows from Lily Pond to the Annisquam River. In addition to the $400,000
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/stormsmart-coasts/grants/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Resilience Grant</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> from CZM, funding was provided by the city of Gloucester, U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, NOAA, and Department of Fish and Game’s Division of Ecological Restoration. For details on the project and the event, see the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/pr-2016/celebrate-restoration-of-little-river-in-gloucester.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">EEA press release</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Dam and Seawall Repair and Removal Awards
</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">- CZM supported EEA’s continued administration of the Dam and Seawall Repair or Removal Program, which was established in 2013 by the Massachusetts Legislature to promote public health, public safety, and ecological
restoration. A fourth round of applications was solicited from communities in 2016. CZM assisted EEA in selecting 20 projects, including eight seawall and revetment repair and reconstruction projects in Marshfield, Plymouth, Quincy, Salem, Scituate, and Yarmouth,
totaling more than $10 million in loans and grants. For more on the fund and awards, see the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/waste-mgnt-recycling/water-resources/preserving-water-resources/water-laws-and-policies/water-laws/draft-regs-re-dam-and-sea-wall-repair-or-removal-fund.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">EEA website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">New Fact Sheet Available on Design Improvements for Projects that Repair and Reconstruct Seawalls and Revetments</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - Recommended
design practices for seawalls and revetments have advanced significantly over the last 50 years. Any repair or reconstruction project for seawalls and revetments—whether minor repairs or complete reconstruction—should therefore include design improvements
based on the best available techniques to reduce impacts, improve structure longevity, and minimize maintenance costs. The new CZM fact sheet,
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/stormsmart-coasts/stormsmart-properties/fs-7-seawalls.html"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">StormSmart Properties Fact Sheet 7: Repair and Reconstruction of Seawalls and Revetments</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">,
discusses the history and impacts of seawalls and revetments and options for improving their performance and reducing impacts.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><em><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">MACC Conference</span></b></em><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In March, CZM staff gave three presentations at the Massachusetts Association of Conservation
Commissions (MACC) Annual Conference. CZM’s presentations included the <i>StormSmart Properties Fact Sheets</i>,
<i>How to Interpret Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps and Studies</i>, and
<i>Regulating Activities in Land subject to Coastal Storm Flowage</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Construction Workshops</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In March and June, the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency, Department of Conservation
and Recreation, MassDEP, FEMA, and CZM co-sponsored three one-day workshops on important state codes, regulations, and best practices for building and retrofitting homes and other buildings in coastal areas. Each workshop featured a discussion of best practices
for the design of structures to withstand storm impacts such as erosion and flooding, as well as a session to provide guidance to town officials on interpreting the FEMA National Flood Insurance Program Maps and Studies to identify vulnerable areas. The workshop
agenda also included sessions on available funding, State Building Code requirements, and reducing vulnerability in Land Subject to Coastal Storm Flowage under the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Environmental Industry Programs</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - Over the summer and fall, CZM supported three programs hosted by the Environmental Business Council of New England
to promote coastal resilience and adaptation, living shorelines, and financing local projects. CZM provided presentations as part of these programs:
</span><a href="http://ebcne.org/event/ebc-climate-change-program-series-part-two-resilience-and-adaptation/?instance_id"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Resilience and Adaptation Priorities—Implications for Coastal New England</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">,
</span><a href="http://ebcne.org/event/ebc-ocean-and-coastal-resources-program-living-shorelines/?instance_id=5425"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Living Shorelines</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, and
</span><a href="http://ebcne.org/event/ebc-climate-change-program-financing-resilience-the-big-challenge/?instance_id=5595"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;background:white">Financing Resilience—The Big Challenge—Grants, Loans, Bonds, Insurance-Linked Securities
and More</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Bank Erosion Hazard Mapping</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM, in partnership with MassDEP, has developed a mapping methodology utilizing high-resolution
coastal elevation data, aerial photography, and other data, to identify and assess coastal bank erosion across the state. The purpose of this project is to highlight those areas in the Commonwealth that are experiencing severe, moderate, or low rates of coastal
bank erosion and have the potential to affect existing and future land use. Stay tuned for more information on this effort.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailProgram">Coastal Habitat<o:p></o:p></p>
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</span></span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Identifying Coastal Wetlands Vulnerable to Sea Level Rise</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - Sea level rise has the potential to squeeze tidal marshes
out of the coastal landscape, and with them the numerous economic, social, and ecological services marshes provide. CZM, with partners that include the Woods Hole Group, Marine Biological Laboratory, and Plum Island Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research
Project, among others, have modeled coastal wetland response to different sea level rise scenarios, integrating models that incorporate coastal and estuarine processes with long-term, local data. Site-specific information and maps are being generated to identify
and communicate vulnerability, risk, and impacts to Massachusetts coastal wetlands, as well as opportunities for salt marshes to migrate landward. Stay tuned for the project report, website, mapping tool, and GIS datasets—coming in winter 2016-17.</span><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Monitoring and Assessment of Climate Change Impacts to Tidal Marshes</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM and partners have been developing a multi-faceted
sentinel site monitoring program to track changes to the composition of tidal marshes. Building on recent work to model coastal wetland response to sea-level rise, investigators have been working with regional and local groups to establish a network of long-term
monitoring stations, or sentinel sites, to monitor biological and physical changes in select marshes and their upland and open water ecotones (a transition zone between two ecosystems). Field and remote sensing techniques will be employed, the latter using
automated and/or semi-automated image analysis and land cover change analysis techniques, high-resolution imagery, and LIDAR to track changes in the spatial extents of tidal marsh microhabitats (e.g., vegetation communities, pannes, pools, creeks, and ditches).
Together these projects form a holistic program that will inform development, application, and monitoring of site-specific climate change adaptation strategies. Additionally, data generated will have the potential to help calibrate and verify the wetland response
models used to identify wetlands vulnerable to sea-level rise. The field-based and remote sensing-based sentinel site projects will both run through 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Marine Invasive Species Monitoring and Early Detection</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - Since 2006, CZM’s Marine Invasive Monitoring and Information
Collaborative (MIMIC) has served as an early detection and monitoring network for New England, providing both a critical data source to coastal managers and an educational experience for the public. CZM works with 10 regional partners, including watershed
and research nonprofits, state agencies, and dedicated individuals, to survey more than 50 sites from Buzzards Bay to southern Maine. In 2016, teams of trained citizen scientists were again on the prowl searching for marine invaders at floating docks, rocky
shores, and eelgrass beds. Data, including surface water salinity, temperature, and invasive species abundance, are collected following protocols detailed in
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/marine-invasive-species/protocol.html"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Monitoring for Marine Invasive Species: Guidance and Protocols for Volunteer Monitoring Groups</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.
In the early fall, CZM staff observed a new invader that is not yet established in New England. This plant-like animal called the “spaghetti” Bryozoan (<i>Amathia verticillata</i>) was discovered at a monitoring site in New Bedford. CZM, working with invasive
scientists, will continue to monitor for this new species in the upcoming year.<i>
</i>For more information on MIMIC, to request data, and to view monitoring protocols, identification resources, and links, see the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/marine-invasive-species/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Marine Invasive Species Program website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">. Thanks again to all the hardworking MIMIC volunteers
and partners!</span><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Water Quality<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Pollutant Remediation Grant Awards</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - On August 31, EEA announced $346,292 in funding through CZM’s
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/coastal-water-quality/cpr/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastal Pollution Remediation (CPR) Grant Program</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> for projects to protect coastal water quality
in Massachusetts. The FY 2016 winning projects are:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Medford - $125,000 to construct a stormwater gravel wetland to treat 1.6 acres of stormwater runoff from a municipal parking lot close to the banks of the Mystic River.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Milton - $17,752 to develop stormwater Best Management Practice (BMP) designs at four priority locations to address water quality in Unquity Brook.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo10">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Plymouth - $59,910 to assess stormwater retrofit options and design BMPs to treat stormwater discharging into Great Herring Pond.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Salem - $78,680 to design and permit stormwater treatment systems at Winter Island Park and improve water quality in Salem Sound and Salem Harbor.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Yarmouth - $64,950 to design and implement a gravel bioretention stormwater treatment system to reduce pollutants flowing into the Lewis Bay and Bass River watersheds.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.25in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">The grants are being matched by $144,627 from municipal sources, further extending the power of the grant program. Since 1996, more than $9.5 million has been awarded through
the CPR grant program. For more information, see the </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/pr-2016/grants-to-improve-and-protect-coastal-water-quality.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">EEA press release</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Water Quality Projects Completed in Coastal Communities</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In 2016, these five projects were completed with
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/coastal-water-quality/cpr/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">CPR grants</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> to protect coastal waters in Massachusetts:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Fairhaven - Developed final design plans for stormwater treatment systems at priority locations along Sconticut Neck Road, with the ultimate goal to improve water quality and open shellfish growing
areas in Little Bay and Nasketucket Bay.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l12 level5 lfo11">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Kingston - Constructed stormwater treatment systems on Shore Drive to treat bacterial pollution from roadway runoff. This project is the fourth phase of a long-term effort to treat contaminated stormwater
discharges, improve water quality, and expand shellfish harvesting in the Jones River Estuary and Kingston Bay.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l12 level4 lfo11">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Medford - Prioritized sites and developed designs for stormwater treatment systems to address roadway-related pollution to the Mystic River, an important habitat for river herring.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l12 level4 lfo11">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Milton - Assessed the polluted stormwater runoff problem in Unquity Brook, a major freshwater tributary to Gulliver’s Creek, and then prioritized sites causing pollution problems, developing initial
designs for stormwater treatment options.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l12 level4 lfo11">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Salem - Constructed rain gardens and installed treatment systems along Commercial Street to remove pollutants from stormwater runoff discharging to the North River.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Climate Change Impacts on Stormwater Management</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM, in partnership with MassDEP, funded the development of
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/coastal-water-quality/cpr/climate-change-stormwater-bmps.html"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Stormwater BMPs and Recommended BMP Design Considerations
in Coastal Communities</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, a report to help municipalities address the challenges of climate change impacts on stormwater infrastructure. The report includes a review of potential impacts and recommendations to improve
siting, design, construction, and operation and maintenance of coastal stormwater BMPs. The report was developed by the Horsley Witten Group, Inc., with support from the Woods Hole Group.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Grants Awarded to Increase Resiliency and Effectiveness of Stormwater Management -
</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">On December 29, EEA announced $53,708 in funding to coastal watershed communities for design work to retrofit existing stormwater infrastructure to maintain and increase treatment capability of polluted runoff in
light of impacts from climate change. The grant recipients are the communities of Manchester, Melrose, Winthrop, and Yarmouth. These local projects will improve and protect coastal water quality and ensure that stormwater infrastructure can withstand higher
sea levels, more intense storms, increased precipitation, and other climate change impacts over the long term. The grants are being matched by $35,860 from municipal sources, further extending the power of the program. For more information, see the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/pr-2016/53700-in-grants-for-coastal-communities.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">EEA Press Release</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Stormwater Management Tools for the Massachusetts Coastal Zone: A Guidebook for Planning Board Members</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM is currently developing
a guidebook for planning board members and municipal planners that provides strategies and tools they can use to improve stormwater management in their community. The guidebook includes planning and zoning tools to improve stormwater management at the municipal
scale; tips on improving stormwater management during subdivision application and site plan reviews; and a BMP Selection Tool that focuses on Low Impact Development (LID) techniques and reducing stormwater contaminants such as bacteria and nitrogen that are
common pollutants in coastal waters. The guidebook is anticipated to be released in the summer of 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">COASTSWEEP 2016</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - From August through November each year, thousands of volunteers throughout Massachusetts turn out for COASTSWEEP—the
statewide coastal cleanup sponsored by CZM. Although final 2016 cleanup results are still pending, preliminary reports show that 2,167 volunteers cleaned more than 154 miles of coastline, river bank, marsh, seafloor, and lakeshore in Massachusetts—collecting
approximately 12,628 pounds of debris from 99 sites. CZM sends out heartfelt thanks to the thousands of volunteers who turned out for COASTSWEEP, which is part of an international effort organized by Ocean Conservancy where participants from all over the world
collect trash and other marine debris and record their findings. This information is used to help reduce future marine debris problems. For more on the cleanups and to learn how to get involved next year, see the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/czm/coastsweep"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">COASTSWEEP website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.
<span style="color:#222222;background:white">Signups for 2017 cleanups will begin next spring.
</span>Please </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/communications/coastsweep/contact.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">contact us</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> to receive a sign-up reminder.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Other Water Quality Program Activities</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM has been working with the Coalition for Buzzards Bay, the Buzzards Bay National
Estuary Program, MassDEP, and the town of Wareham on studies to investigate how moving the town’s wastewater outfall from the Wareham River estuary to the more well-flushed Cape Cod Canal might improve water quality.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailProgram">Data and Information Management<o:p></o:p></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Tide Gate Inventory</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - With a grant from the NOAA Office for Coastal Management, CZM and the Massachusetts Bays National Estuary
Program inventoried and mapped all the known tide gates from the New Hampshire border south to Provincetown, excluding Buzzards Bay, Mount Hope Bay, and the Islands. This effort lays the groundwork for more active and appropriate management of tide gates in
the face of sea level rise projections, ongoing floodplain encroachment, and aging infrastructure. Attributes for each of the 149 tide gates include operator, tide gate type (flap gate, sluice gate, self-regulating tide gate, etc.), original purpose, condition,
and operational status. These data are available in CZM’s mapping tool, </span><a href="http://maps.massgis.state.ma.us/map_ol/moris.php?lyrs=Massachusetts%20Tide%20Gate%20Inventory~massgis:MORIS.MASSBAYS_TIDE_GATES_2016_PT~MORIS.MASSBAYS_TIDE_GATES_2016_PT::Default&bbox=-73.21488535122526,40.71255220940249,-68.36991464877403,43.38374409352211&coordUnit=dms&measureUnit=m&base=googleHybrid&center=-7880573.9200337,5170300.202344&zoom=8&opacity=1&baseO=1&filt=undefined"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">MORIS</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Project/Federal Consistency Review<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Great Thicket National Wildlife Refuge Plan</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM reviewed the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) draft plan to acquire
land, manage habitats, and offer compatible priority public uses for this newly approved wildlife refuge in Sandwich. This plan was proposed to help stem the decline of shrubland-dependent wildlife species. As part of the plan, USFWS identified 10 Refuge Acquisition
Focus Areas encompassing approximately 298,820 acres across six northeast states. Areas of interest identified in the draft plan include Merrimack Valley North, Plymouth, and Mashpee as containing possible key acquisition sites in Massachusetts. CZM issued
a federal consistency concurrence on the draft plan in August.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Dredging and Beach Nourishment Projects</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In 2016, CZM reviewed several dredging and/or beach nourishment proposals submitted
for the Massachusetts Environmental Policy Act (MEPA) office review. These projects include the town of Nantucket’s Polpis Harbor Entrance Channel maintenance dredging project, Hingham Shipyard maintenance dredging project, Quincy Shipyard dredging project,
maintenance dredging of all town managed channels and anchorages within Wellfleet Harbor, Marshfield Yacht Club dredging and beach nourishment project, and dredging as part of the Massachusetts Port Authority (MassPort) Conley Container Terminal Revitalization
Project in Boston. In addition to state-level project review, CZM performs </span>
<a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/federal-consistency-review/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">federal consistency review</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">—the review of federal projects (including those requiring federal permits
or receiving federal money) to ensure that they meet state standards. CZM issued federal consistency concurrences on projects including the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) maintenance dredging of the Chatham Stage Harbor federal navigation channel and
USACE federal navigation channel dredging and East Jetty repair at Green Harbor in Marshfield. CZM concurrence was also issued for the town of Bourne’s dredging of the little Bay Channel, Barlow’s Landing Channel, Barlow’s Landing Marina, and the Pocasset
River. Five dredging projects in Manchester also received concurrences by CZM, including Hahn-Crosby, McFadden, Manchester Marine Corporation, Sunset Rock, and Crocker’s Boat Yard. CZM continues its participation on the technical advisory committee for the
USACE Boston Harbor Deep Draft Navigational Improvement Project, which proposes port improvements including access to the Conley Terminal for container ships by deepening the harbor's existing 40-foot channels, turning basin, and anchorage. MassPort would
also deepen the berths in the Conley Terminal, the 40-foot lane of the Main Ship Channel above the Reserved Channel and below the Ted Williams Tunnel, MassPort’s Medford Street Terminal on the Mystic River, and the existing 38-foot channel in the Chelsea River.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">EPA NPDES Permits</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - As part of CZM's federal consistency review of National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits,
concurrences were issued for six permits/renewals/modifications, including the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Pesticides General Permit, the Construction Activity Discharges General Permit, the Potable Water Treatment Facility Discharges General
Permit, the town of Plymouth Wastewater Treatment Facility, the town of Ipswich Wastewater Treatment Facility, and General Electric Aviation in Lynn.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Federal Agency Actions</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM worked with the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management to review and issue concurrence for the Commercial
Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Outer Continental Shelf Offshore of Massachusetts.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> BOEM has executed commercial leases to two entities for site assessments in blocks OCS-A 500 and OCS-A 501. The
first was issued to Bay State Wind (the American subsidiary of DONG Energy) and the second to Offshore MW.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> CZM also issued concurrence for the Department of the Navy proposed rule regarding the Uniform National Discharge
Standards for Vessels of the Armed Forces Phase II Batch One Discharges. CZM also issued concurrence on the project to repair the seawall at the Captain John Foster Williams Coast Guard Building in Boston. The USACE was issued a concurrence for the repair
to the North Jetty at the entrance to Scituate Harbor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">U.S. Army Corps of Engineers General Permit for Massachusetts</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM is working closely with USACE in reviewing revisions to
the Massachusetts General Permit (GP), issued in January 2015. These revisions are expected to make the GP more user-friendly and to provide clarifications based on stakeholder input. The 2015 permit defines 23 activities and specifies eligibility standards
under Self Verification, Pre-Construction Notification, and Individual Permit categories. CZM worked closely with MassDEP, DMF, and the National Marine Fisheries Service in the review of the permit standards. The GP is designed to protect the aquatic environment
and the public interest while authorizing activities that have no more than minimal individual and cumulative adverse effects on the aquatic environment.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Proposed Changes to Regulations</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In September, CZM held three public hearings in Gloucester, Boston, and New Bedford related
to the following regulations:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">301 CMR 28 - Ocean Management Plan</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - The Massachusetts Ocean Management Plan was revised and an amended plan was released in January 2015. Implementing
regulations are being revised to reflect the updated plan.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">301 CMR 24 - Ocean Sanctuaries</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - These regulations are being revised and moved to reflect statutory changes made by Chapter 114 of the Acts of 2008, which
amended the Ocean Sanctuaries Act to give CZM the legal care, oversight, and control responsibilities, previously held by the former Department of Environmental Management, now the Department of Conservation and Recreation. Reflecting this move from DCR to
CZM, as well as other proposed revisions, the Ocean Sanctuaries Act regulations will be promulgated at 301 CMR 24, and regulations at 302 CMR 5.00 will be rescinded.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">301 CMR 26 - Coastal Pollution Remediation Program</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - The regulation is being amended to incorporate administrative updates and eliminate duplication of
efforts currently performed in the grant procurement process.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">301 CMR 22 - Coastal Facilities Improvement Program</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - These regulations are proposed for rescission as resources for municipal grants are being provided
through other grant programs and authorizations (such as the Seaport Economic Council).
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.25in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">These regulation changes are currently under review.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailProgram">Port and Harbor Planning<o:p></o:p></p>
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</span></span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Chelsea Creek Designated Port Area Boundary Review Decision</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - On April 6, CZM issued the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/czm/port-harbor/decisions/chelsea-creek-dpa-designation-decision-2016.pdf"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Designation Decision for the Chelsea Creek Designated Port Area Chelsea, MA</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">
(PDF, 3 MB), concluding the comprehensive Designated Port Area (DPA) boundary review process for the city of Chelsea initiated in February 2015 at the city’s request. The decision affirms the findings and proposed DPA boundary modifications in CZM’s November
23, 2015, designation report, </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/czm/port-harbor/decisions/chelsea-dpa-boundary-review-2015.pdf"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Boundary Review of the Chelsea Creek Designated Port Area, Chelsea, MA</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">
(PDF, 4.3 MB). The boundary modification was made in accordance with criteria governing the suitability of contiguous lands to accommodate water-dependent industrial use pursuant to
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/czm/fcr-regs/301-cmr-25.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">301 CMR 25.00</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> (PDF, 75 KB). The Commonwealth’s DPA policy seeks to promote water-dependent industries as an important
sector of the state’s economy and prevent the loss of areas that have certain key characteristics that make them particularly well suited to water-dependent industrial uses. CZM is responsible for mapping, interpreting, and periodic review of DPA boundaries.
For more on the Chelsea Creek decision, see the </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/czm/port-harbor/decisions/chelsea-creek-dpa-designation-decision-2016.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Designation Decision</span></a><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">
(PDF, 3 MB)</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/czm/port-harbor/dpa/chelsea-creek-dpa-map-april-2016.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">updated DPA map</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> (PDF,
7 MB), and </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/czm/port-harbor/dpa/chelsea-creek-dpa-description-april-2016.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">DPA description</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> (PDF, 23 KB). For more information on DPAs, see
CZM’s </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/port-and-harbor-planning/designated-port-areas/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Designated Port Areas website</span></a><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Local Planning Efforts</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - A number of communities have been working on existing or new harbor plans in 2016. In Boston Harbor,
the city of Boston continues the process of developing a Municipal Harbor Plan (MHP) for the Downtown Waterfront District, which extends from Long Wharf to the Moakley Bridge. The city is expected to submit the MHP to EEA/CZM for approval in early 2017. The
city of Boston also submitted the </span><a href="http://209.80.128.250/EEA/emepa/mepadocs/2016/062216em/pn/MEPAMonitorNoticeofSubmittal_SouthBostonMHPRenewalAmendment%2006-22-16.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">South Boston Waterfront District Municipal
Harbor Plan Renewal and Amendment</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> (PDF, 25 MB) to EEA/CZM in November 2016. Other harbor planning work in South Boston included an MHP clarification request from Boston for the General Electric Headquarters project
on the Fort Point Channel. A </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/czm/port-harbor/decisions/south-boston-mhp-decision-12-21-16.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">decision on both of these South Boston harbor planning efforts</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">
(PDF, 2 MB) was issued on December 21. Building on the Chelsea Creek DPA Boundary Review, the city of Chelsea received state funding to complete an MHP. Work will commence on the MHP in early 2017. On the South Shore,
</span><span class="CZ-MailParagraphChar1"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">CZM continued to participate in ongoing interagency consultation meetings, including Massachusetts Environmental Policy Act (MEPA) Notice of Project Change (NPC) project filing review,
with representatives from the town of Plymouth regarding options and design details for the Water Street waterfront redevelopment project. CZM also participated in several public informational and feedback meetings in Plymouth associated with the initial steps
in the development of a Harbor Management Plan</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">. In the Cape Cod and Islands Region, a number of communities are considering amending their existing Municipal Harbor Plans to address new or anticipated development
within the harbor planning areas. CZM has been consulting with representatives from Nantucket and Provincetown to discuss these issues.
<span style="color:black">In the South Coast Region, CZM worked with New Bedford and Fairhaven on a second, one-year extension of their joint Municipal Harbor Plan, originally approved in 2010. The original one-year extension will expire in June 2017. CZM began
participation on the New Bedford Waterfront Redevelopment Plan Steering Committee that will focus on the site of a former power generation facility in the central waterfront and on one other large site along the New Bedford waterfront. This planning effort
is projected to stretch into summer 2017 and is expected to lead into a New Bedford/Fairhaven Municipal Harbor Plan renewal process starting shortly afterward.
</span>For more information about CZM’s harbor planning efforts, contact </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/czm-regions/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">CZM’s Regional Coordinators</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Underwater Archaeological Resources<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Designation of Massachusetts First Underwater Archaeological Preserve
</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">- On May 26, the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/buar/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Board of Underwater Archaeological Resources</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> (BUAR) designated
the <i>White Squall</i> site as the first Underwater Archaeological Preserve in Massachusetts waters. Under Massachusetts General Law, BUAR can designate underwater archaeological sites of substantial historical and/or archaeological value as Underwater Archaeological
Preserves. The shipwreck site of the <i>White Squall</i>, a bark-rigged sailing craft made of iron built in 1864 and lost in 1867, is located in the Atlantic Ocean off Cahoons Hollow, Wellfleet, and adjacent to the Cape Cod National Seashore. See the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/czm/buar/white-squall-nomination-jan2016.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">White Squall nomination form</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">
(PDF, 68 KB) for additional details.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Marine Archaeology Programs and Presentation</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> - BUAR undertook eight public and
professional presentations for public schools, dive clubs, universities, and international societies. He ran a workshop at the annual North Shore High Marine Sciences Symposium and conducted a series of hands-on artifact programs with the Boston Public School’s
Special Education summer program with the assistance of Dr. Naomi Riddiford and Catie Murphy. BUAR also provided exhibits at the Boston Sea Rovers Clinic and annual Essex Heritage “Trails & Sails.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Massachusetts Archaeology Month</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> - From October 14-15, in celebration of Massachusetts
Archaeology Month, BUAR participated in the </span><a href="https://www.archaeological.org/events/21577"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Archaeological Institute of America’s Archaeology Fair</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">
at the Boston Museum of Science. BUAR activities included participation in a mock “dig” of a shipwreck, writing underwater, and exhibits. BUAR Director Victor Mastone was assisted by volunteers Dr. Calvin Mires, Laurel Seaborn, Rico Roldan, and Annika Heinold.
Approximately 3,600 visitors participated in the fair.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Training Citizen Scientists
</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">- In July, BUAR and the Seafaring Education and Maritime Archaeology Heritage Program
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">co-lead a summer institute (workshop) through Salem State University, which was essentially an intensive one-week archaeological field school. In cooperation with The Trustees of the Reservation’s
Crane Estate, they investigated the site of the schooner <i>Ada K. Damon</i> at Steep Hill Beach. The 14 participants received three undergraduate credit hours from Salem State University and a certificate from the Nautical Archaeology Society. This was the
second year for the summer institute and the starting point for training citizen scientist volunteers.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Field Investigations</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> - In 2016, BUAR undertook limited field investigations or
provided technical expertise on several underwater archaeological sites in Boston, East Bridgewater, Edgartown, Ipswich, Newburyport, Orleans, and on George’s Bank. These sites included an ancient Native American fish weir, a lost aircraft, and shipwrecks.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Cape Cod Shipwreck Interview</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> - Victor Mastone was recently interviewed by the
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) about a shipwreck find off Cape Cod. The
<i>Lutzen</i>, nicknamed “the Blueberry Boat,” sank in 1939 during a trip from New Brunswick, Canada, to New York City. For details and to listen to the interview, see the
</span><a href="http://www.cbc.ca/radio/asithappens/as-it-happens-wednesday-edition-1.3792414/ship-that-carried-frozen-blueberries-from-new-brunswick-in-1939-emerges-off-cape-cod-s-coast-1.3792418"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">CBC
website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Boston Seaport District Interview</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> - In May, Victor Mastone assisted in the documentation
of a shipwreck from 1800s uncovered in Boston. Watch the video on </span><a href="http://www.necn.com/on-air/as-seen-on/NECN_052616_shipwreckbrian_7a_NECN-380938411.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">New England Cable News</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Shipwreck Remains Recovered from George’s Bank Interview</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> - Victor Mastone visited
the New Bedford Fishing Heritage Center to examine shipwreck remains recovered by a scalloper. For details, see the
</span><a href="http://www.southcoasttoday.com/news/20161202/mystery-at-sea-unfolds-in-new-bedford"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">New Bedford Standard Times</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">.<u><span style="color:blue"><o:p></o:p></span></u></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.25in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailSubhead">CZM Regional Offices<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">CZM works closely with communities to support local coastal management—an effort led by CZM’s
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/czm-regions/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Regional Coordinators</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, who serve as liaisons between federal and state programs and municipal authorities,
coordinate regional initiatives, perform federal consistency review, and provide technical assistance. CZM’s regions are North Shore, Boston Harbor, South Shore, Cape Cod and Islands, and South Coastal. The 2016 accomplishments for each region are provided
below.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">North Shore (Salisbury to Revere)</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM continued to provide direct technical assistance to communities on the North Shore on
a variety of issues, particularly climate change resilience. Coastal erosion, redevelopment, and preparation for climate change are particular issues for North Shore communities, and CZM continues to provide technical assistance on sea level rise adaptation
as these communities advance efforts to plan for climate change. In early 2016, <span style="color:black">
CZM worked with Essex to finalize coastal resilience outreach efforts; Lynn, Swampscott, and Manchester-by-the-Sea on resilience planning efforts; and Newbury, Salem, and Gloucester to complete green infrastructure projects. In May, funding from CZM’s Coastal
Resilience Grant for the Little River Restoration and Resiliency Project in Gloucester resulted in the completion of a
</span>major collaborative effort, involving numerous local, state, and federal partners after more than a decade of planning (see StormSmart Coasts program above). Significant outreach to municipal officials early in 2016 for CZM’s FY 2017 Resilience Grant
program resulted in five funded proposals on the North Shore. CZM is now providing guidance and technical assistance to Beverly on its coastal
<span style="color:black">resiliency planning efforts and the communities of Ipswich, Newburyport, Salem, and Swampscott on green infrastructure planning and implementation projects. In 2016, CZM continued to work as an active partner with Ipswich River Watershed
Association and National Wildlife Federation along with other state and local partners to assist with resiliency planning for Salisbury, Newburyport, Newbury, Rowley, Ipswich, and Essex as part of Great Marsh Resiliency Partnership</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">,
which is funded</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> by a $2.9 million Hurricane Sandy Grant.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> As part of this effort,</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">CZM </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">participated in a workshop hosted by the National Wildlife Federation and funded by a Coastal Resilience Grant by
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">providing a talk on Massachusetts regulatory requirements for innovative green infrastructure projects and participating in a panel discussion. CZM staff also continued to be actively involved in the Merrimack River Beach
Alliance, providing technical assistance and regulatory guidance as the group explores opportunities for improved coastal resilience in the region. In November, CZM once again coordinated with Great Marsh Coalition (GMC) partners to present the fifth annual
Great Marsh Symposium, <i>Implications for Quality of Life in Our Communities, </i>
at Woodman’s of Essex, featuring current efforts and case studies of <span style="color:black">
ongoing resiliency planning work in the region. This full-day workshop provided an opportunity for more than 120 citizens and local and state decision makers to discuss the ongoing efforts to understand the impacts of climate change on the Great Marsh. The
symposium presentations are available on the </span></span><a href="http://www.greatmarsh.org/resources/2016-symposium-presentations/2016-allpresentations"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">GMC website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">.
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">CZM also continued to be an active partner in both the GMC and Parker Ipswich Essex Rivers (PIE-Rivers) on the North Shore, focusing on improved ecological health of the marsh and its contributing watersheds. As part of
these efforts, CZM worked with GMC and PIE-Rivers partners to plan and assist in creation of outreach videos featuring Great Marsh partnerships for developing community/regional resilience, to be funded through Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve.
These videos are expected to be developed sometime in FY2017. In August, CZM coordinated with local officials and campers, interns, and volunteers from the Cape Ann YMCA and Maritime Gloucester at Stage Fort Park in Gloucester to help EEA Secretary Beaton
to kick off the statewide COASTSWEEP beach cleanup. More than 45 people turned out to clean the park and beaches, collecting 22 bags of trash and recyclables that would otherwise have become marine debris. CZM regional staff continues to coordinate the popular
North Shore Regional Conservation Commission Network listserv, linking more than 50
<span style="color:black">local community staff and commission members to provide timely and relevant access to developments in coastal issues, training opportunities, grant postings, and technical opportunities, as well as the opportunity to tap into one another’s
expertise for problem solving across municipal boundaries.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Boston Harbor (Winthrop to Weymouth)</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM has been an active member of the Boston Harbor Dredge Rock Reuse Working Group,
which was undertaken to investigate opportunities for the dredge material from the Boston Harbor Deep Draft Navigation and Improvement Project. CZM completed projects with the cities of Boston, Chelsea, Quincy, Weymouth, and Winthrop that were funded by the
Coastal Resilience Grant Program and one project with Winthrop funded by the Coastal Community Green Infrastructure Grant Program. In Boston, CZM supported the Climate Ready Boston project, which was partially funded through a Coastal Resilience Grant. The
project used existing climate research to project future climate impacts for Boston relating to sea level rise, precipitation, heat, and coastal storm events; performed a vulnerability assessment for the city using these projections; and authored a roadmap
of resilient actions to adapt and prepare for these impacts. CZM also supported the city of Chelsea in their efforts to complete a climate change vulnerability assessment that determined areas most susceptible to sea level rise based on current modeling and
sea level rise projections. This assessment—along with a waterfront visioning process led by the Metropolitan Area Planning Council—laid the ground work for the city to balance demands for space along the waterfront in the face of a changing city and rising
seas. CZM began to provide assistance to the cities of Boston, Quincy, Winthrop, and Weymouth on projects funded by the FY 2017 round of CZM’s Coastal Resilience Grant Program. CZM also continued to provide technical assistance to the cities of Boston and
Chelsea on issues relating to harbor planning and DPA planning, including the development of the city of Boston’s Downtown Waterfront MHP. CZM continued to provide support for the Fort Point Channel Operations Board, on which CZM represents the Secretary of
EEA. The Operations Board had another successful round of Watersheet Activation Grants in 2016. These grants are funded with monies required by MassDEP in the Chapter 91 License for Atlantic Wharf along the Fort Point Channel. Another grant round is anticipated
for 2017.</span><span class="CZ-MailParagraphChar1"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">South Shore (Hingham to Plymouth)</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM provided technical, grant writing, monitoring, and coordination assistance to a number
of regionally significant wetland restoration, stewardship, and shoreline protection projects on the South Shore. These efforts included participating in state and federal permitting site visits for the Bound Brook Diadromous Fish Restoration Initiative and
investigating other potential impediments to fish passage in upstream areas; working with the town of Kingston and project partners to reclassify shellfish harvesting areas in the region based on water quality improvements from CPR- and MassDEP-funded projects
with the first step of developing informational materials for submittal to DMF to further inform the reclassification strategy; providing technical assistance and coordination for Coastal Resilience Grants awarded to the communities of Scituate, Duxbury, Hull,
and Plymouth; and participating in the third annual Marshfield Furnace Brook Middle School Climate Change and Sea Level Rise Symposium, where 370 eighth grade students participated in activities focused on issues associated with sea level rise and climate
change. CZM continued to partner with the Massachusetts Bays National Estuary Program, MassDEP, and Conservation Agents from the towns of Norwell, Hull, and Weymouth to implement and facilitate the South Shore Conservation Commission Network. CZM also participated
in the development and presentation of the first South Shore Climate Change and Sea Level Rise Symposium, which provided 150 municipal officials and staff, state and federal agency representatives, non-governmental organizations, and consultants with a variety
of presentations on climate change considerations and on-the-ground case studies of local and regional adaptation and resiliency initiatives. A highlight of the symposium was a panel discussion on strategies to promote coordinated and complementary inter-municipal
and regional approaches to addressing the impacts of climate change and sea level rise.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Cape Cod and Islands (Bourne to Provincetown</span></span></a><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, Martha’s Vineyard, Nantucket, and Gosnold</span></i></b><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">)
- </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">CZM worked closely with many of the 23 communities within the region, providing direct technical assistance on a variety of coastal issues, including coastal erosion and beach management, water quality monitoring,
stormwater management, harbor planning, and dredging. CZM provided technical assistance and resources to help communities understand the impacts from coastal flooding and implement measures to improve their coastal resilience. CZM assisted the towns of Brewster,
Barnstable, Dennis, and Truro to apply for and secure grant funds from CZM’s Coastal Resilience Grant program. CZM is also working with the towns of Dennis, Harwich, and Truro to complete other projects funded through Coastal Resilience Grants by June 2017.
CZM worked closely with Conservation Commissions throughout the region and helped coordinate six meetings of the Cape and Islands Conservation Commission Network. In addition, CZM provided project-specific technical assistance to Conservation Commissions in
the towns of Brewster, Chatham, Dennis, Edgartown, Gosnold, Harwich, Nantucket, Oak Bluffs, Provincetown, and Tisbury. CZM assisted in planning and coordinating the 2016
</span><a href="http://www.waquoitbayreserve.org/education-training/coastal-training-programs/2016-cape-coastal-conference/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Cape Coastal Conference</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> in Barnstable and is in the process
of planning the first Nantucket Coastal Conference, which will be held on June 6, 2017. Finally, CZM continues to serve on various boards and committees, including the Barnstable County Dredge Advisory Board, Pleasant Bay Coastal Resource Workgroup, and as
co-chair the Barnstable County Coastal Resource Committee.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">South Coastal (Wareham to Seekonk)</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM worked closely with both the Buzzards Bay and Narragansett Bay National Estuary Programs
(NEPs), participating on their Steering Committees. CZM continues to assist the Buzzards Bay NEP with the oversight of four projects awarded using EPA Southeast New England Coastal Watershed Restoration Program funding—two wastewater and two stormwater projects.
CZM also assisted the Buzzards Bay NEP with the review and selection of six municipal grant projects in the Buzzards Bay watershed with five focused on land acquisition and one on fish passage. Through a Coastal Resilience Grant, CZM worked closely with the
city of New Bedford to develop strategies for infrastructure improvements at nine of the city’s most vulnerable pump stations to reduce flooding from coastal storms and sea level rise. As a part of the grant the city also completed significant modifications
to their Cove Street Pump Station and Howard Avenue Pump Station, making both of these critical pump stations much more resistant to flooding and more likely to quickly recover from coastal storms. Also through the Coastal Resilience Grant Program, the town
of Wareham performed a risk and vulnerability assessment of critical wastewater infrastructure, including the treatment facility and pump stations. The studies identified preliminary protection measures and strategies for wastewater infrastructure that has
the potential to be damaged under various storm category and sea level rise scenarios. The project also developed an Emergency Response Plan for use by the Wareham Sewer Department following a major storm. Similarly the town of Mattapoisett performed a risk
and vulnerability assessment of its critical wastewater pump station and several of its drinking water pump stations. Spearheaded by CZM with the goal of improving communication and the exchange of ideas and strategies, the Wastewater Treatment Plant Superintendents
from the South Coastal area of Massachusetts held their first coordination meeting in October. Topics discussed include improving resilience to coastal storms and climate change at the wastewater facilities, corrosion problems and solutions, and real-time
monitoring. The meeting was well received and the group expressed an interest in having quarterly meetings, which CZM has agreed to coordinate.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailSubhead">National Estuary Programs<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">CZM hosts and administers two National Estuary Programs—the
</span><a href="http://www.buzzardsbay.org/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Buzzards Bay National Estuary Program</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> and the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/mass-bays-program/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Massachusetts Bays National Estuary Program</span></a><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> (MassBays)</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.
The Buzzards Bay NEP works to protect and restore water quality and living resources in Buzzards Bay and its watershed. MassBays works to protect and enhance the coastal health and heritage of Massachusetts and Cape Cod Bays. Each program’s highlights from
2016 are included below.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailProgram">Buzzards Bay National Estuary Program<o:p></o:p></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Buzzards Bay NEP Awards Water Quality Grants</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In January, the Buzzards Bay NEP awarded six grants totaling $794,478 to address
nutrient and pathogen pollution in Buzzards Bay. These grants, which are funded by EPA and administered by CZM through the Buzzards Bay NEP, will help the towns protect important habitat and drinking water resources:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Buzzards Bay Coalition - $200,000 to work with the towns of Wareham, Bourne, and Plymouth and the Massachusetts Maritime Academy to evaluate the feasibility of relocating the Wareham Wastewater Treatment
Facility discharge from the Agawam River to a well-flushed area near the Cape Cod Canal.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Marine Biological Laboratory - $175,918 to collaborate with the Buzzards Bay Coalition and Barnstable County Department of Health to quantify the nitrogen removal benefits from innovative alternative
(I/A) systems being installed in West Falmouth Harbor. The work will also determine whether the addition of a carbon source will increase nitrogen removal in I/A systems.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l25 level1 lfo20">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Town of Marion - $200,000 to coordinate with Mattapoisett and the Buzzards Bay Coalition in hiring a consultant to design an expanded sewage collection system from Marion’s Wastewater Treatment Facility
into the existing densely developed neighborhoods of Indian Cove (Marion) and Harbor Beach (Mattapoisett) on Aucoot Cove.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Town of Falmouth - $53,950 to expand an oyster reef to reduce nitrogen loads to West Falmouth Harbor near Mashapaquit Creek in the Snug Harbor area. The project will inform the extent to which oyster
reefs can effectively improve water quality and can contribute to watershed nitrogen reduction for West Falmouth Harbor and other similar estuaries.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l25 level1 lfo20">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Town of Fairhaven - $58,350 to prepare designs and permit applications for green infrastructure stormwater best management practices at four high priority outfalls on Sconticut Neck. The effort will
reduce pathogen and nutrient loading and other stormwater pollutants to Little Bay and Nasketucket Bay.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l25 level1 lfo20">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Town of Dartmouth - $106,260 to work the city of New Bedford to treat stormwater runoff from two outfalls located at the end of Rodgers Street discharging to Clarks Cove and contributing to shellfish
bed closures there.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.25in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">For additional information, see the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/pr-2016/grants-to-protect-water-quality-in-buzzards-bay-awarded.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">EEA press release</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Buzzards Bay Municipal Grants Funding</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In August, the Buzzards Bay NEP awarded more than $210,000 to fund seven projects that
will help towns in the Buzzards Bay watershed protect important habitat and drinking water resources and provide passage for migratory fish species. All funded projects will assist these municipalities to meet the goals and objectives of the
</span><a href="http://buzzardsbay.org/newccmp-info.htm"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Buzzards Bay Comprehensive Conservation Management Plan</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">. These grants were awarded to:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Town of Acushnet - $35,000 to work with its partner, the Buzzards Bay Coalition, to protect a 9-acre property along the Acushnet River. The property contains field, forest, and forested wetlands
and is designated habitat for rare species. Protection of this property will advance the town’s long-term vision of a “greenbelt,” a corridor of connected conservation and recreation land along the Acushnet River.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Town of Fairhaven - $35,000 to work with its partner, the Buzzards Bay Coalition, to protect 61.5 acres of land in East Fairhaven that is part of a larger conservation effort. The property is designated
as habitat for rare species and contains significant salt marsh, forested freshwater wetlands, and frontage on a perennial stream.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Town of Marion - $10,924 to remove an obstruction to fish passage on Borden Brook, which runs through Grassi Bog. Borden Brook is an existing American eel run and has the potential to support other
fish species, including alewife. The town will remove an existing culvert and replace it with a larger culvert that will mimic natural stream channel conditions and provide unimpeded fish passage.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Towns of Mattapoisett and Rochester - $35,000 each to work with their partner, the Buzzards Bay Coalition, to protect 164-acres of land straddling the Rochester-Mattapoisett town boundary. The properties
lie within a drinking water recharge area, are designated as habitat for rare species, contain extensive wetlands, have frontage on Branch Brook, and abut existing protected lands owned by the Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game and the Mattapoisett
Water Department.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l22 level1 lfo22">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Town of Rochester - $25,000 to work with its partner, the Rochester Land Trust, to purchase and permanently protect an 18.27-acre property along the Mattapoisett River. The property is designated
habitat for rare species, contains extensive wetlands, has frontage on the Mattapoisett River, and abuts existing protected lands.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l22 level1 lfo22">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Town of Wareham - $35,000 to work with its partners, the Buzzards Bay Coalition and Wareham Land Trust, to protect 8 acres of land along the Weweantic River. The town proposes to use this land for
natural resource protection and for trail-based recreation connecting to the existing adjacent trail system along the river, immediately downstream at the Westgate Conservation Area and Fearing Hill Conservation Area.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.25in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">For more information, see the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/pr-2016/grants-to-south-coast-region-awarded.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">EEA Press Release</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Buzzards Bay NEP Launches Stormwater Website</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In February 2016, the Buzzards Bay NEP launched
</span><a href="http://stormwater.buzzardsbay.org/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">stormwater.buzzardsbay.org</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, a new website to support the activities of the newly formed Buzzards Bay Stormwater Collaborative, which
consists of five towns (Dartmouth, Acushnet, Fairhaven, Mattapoisett, and Wareham) that are working with the Buzzards Bay Action Committee (BBAC) and the Buzzards Bay NEP to map stormwater networks and monitor stormwater discharges that are contributing to
shellfish bed closures and other pollution-caused impairments. This work began in the fall of 2015 when the BBAC received a $200,000 Healthy Communities Grant from EPA. The Buzzards Bay NEP, which is partnering with the BBAC on the grant, has dedicated staff
time to support the municipal effort. The BBAC also hired a stormwater specialist and interns to collect dry and wet weather stormwater samples. This work is supporting municipal efforts to meet the goals of their municipal separate storm sewer systems (MS4)
stormwater management plans. During the year, significant progress has been made mapping stormwater networks and collecting hundreds of stormwater discharge samples to test for pollution and evidence of illicit tie-ins. The NEP is also administering a GIS
system for the towns to manage data.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Massachusetts Estuaries Project</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> - The Buzzards Bay NEP continues to provide technical
support to MassDEP in the review of Massachusetts Estuaries Project Total Maximum Daily Load reports and the data used in these reports.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Technical Assistance</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> - The Buzzards Bay NEP continued to assist municipalities
and other partners with development of local regulatory protection strategies, review of local projects, and design of stormwater treatment systems. The NEP provided more than 439 map products and other technical support to the Buzzards Bay Coalition and area
land trusts in their efforts to protect important habitat and open space in Buzzards Bay, including help with the preparation of grant applications and materials for education and outreach. The Buzzards Bay NEP partnered with the Buzzards Bay Coalition, Woods
Hole Research Center, the Marine Biological Laboratory, and the Westport Fishermen’s Association to investigate the causes of salt marsh erosion in the Westport Rivers using field investigation and historic aerial photographs dating back to 1938. The Buzzards
Bay NEP is also working with the Buzzards Bay Coalition Science Advisory Committee and a team of scientists in Woods Hole to identify climate-induced changes in water quality in Buzzards Bay.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailProgram"><a name="OLE_LINK9"></a><a name="OLE_LINK10"><span style="font-weight:normal"><o:p> </o:p></span></a></p>
<p class="CZ-MailProgram">Massachusetts Bays National Estuary Program<o:p></o:p></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">MassBays Awards Healthy Estuary Grants</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In April, MassBays awarded $97,828 to fund projects through the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/mass-bays-program/grants/#grants"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Healthy Estuaries Grants Program</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> that help towns and organizations improve ecosystem health in Massachusetts
Bay and Cape Cod Bay. These grants were awarded by MassBays through CZM with funding from EPA. The grants are being matched by $99,112 in municipal and private contributions and focus on supporting MassBays mission to protect, restore, and enhance the estuarine
resources of the region. The following five grants were awarded:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Center for Coastal Studies - $31,986 to conduct an extensive assessment of contaminants of emerging concern in Cape Cod Bay estuaries to evaluate ecological health risks and provide a more complete
understanding of how land-use patterns affect water quality beyond nutrient contamination.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo25">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">MIT Sea Grant College Program - $28,500 to conduct surveys to identify specific river herring habitat preferences and resource use that will inform ongoing restoration efforts to convert cranberry
bogs to natural wetland and restore fish passage in Fresh Pond in Plymouth.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo25">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">The Association to Preserve Cape Cod - $15,010 to prioritize restoration projects and identify two top-priority projects to develop for planning and construction, including submission of proposals
for funding.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo25">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Town of Braintree - $16,000 to conduct comprehensive wetland delineation and develop a sediment management plan for the restoration of a fish passage to the 180-acre Great Pond Reservation.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo25">
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Town of Wellfleet - $8,640 to use an existing hydrodynamic tide-height model to assess various culvert configurations for the Mayo Creek Restoration.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph" style="margin-left:1.25in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">For more information, see the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/pr-2016/grants-to-improve-habitat-in-ma-and-cape-cod-bay-annouced.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">EEA Press Release</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">King Tides</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - MassBays teamed up with Boston Harbor Now, New England Aquarium, and the Museum of Science, Boston to call attention
to the King Tide that occurred from October 17 through 19. King Tides occur twice a year, when Earth, the moon, and the sun align and maximize gravitational forces to produce extreme tides and currents. Extreme high tides illustrate what may become—with sea
level rise—the new tidal norm. More than 115 people provided 404 images documenting the effects of this natural phenomenon on coastal structures and natural resources all around Massachusetts, using CZM’s MyCoast app. See
</span><a href="http://www.mycoast.org/ma"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">MyCoast</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> to browse the photos and download the app, which is used year-round to record coastal storm impacts as well.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Citizen Monitoring Coordinators’ Network
</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - On September 29, MassBays held a summit for citizen monitoring coordinators to share resources and consider forming a network of coastal monitoring programs to address capacity-building needs. The resulting Citizen
Monitoring Coordinators’ Network will connect organizations with scientists who can help them formulate their own questions and approaches to answering those questions; facilitate equipment exchange and joint training for volunteers; provide training on communicating
results to local and state decision makers; and help to secure funding to sustain long-term programs and jump-start lapsed ones. Visit the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/mass-bays-program/citizen-monitoring-network/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">MassBays website</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> for more information and to join the effort.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Tide Gate Inventory</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM and MassBays completed work under a $148,709 grant from the NOAA Office for Coastal Management to
compile an inventory of tide gates (a type of flood-control structure) located in Massachusetts Bay and Cape Cod Bay. The effort identified 149 tide gates in the coastal zone from Salisbury to Provincetown. Results of field inspections of 76 tide gates and
file reviews for all of the structures are compiled in an online database that will provide state and local staff with a means to prioritize restoration and improve management of the existing structures.
<span style="color:black">These data are available in CZM’s mapping tool, </span>
</span><a href="http://maps.massgis.state.ma.us/map_ol/moris.php?lyrs=Massachusetts%20Tide%20Gate%20Inventory~massgis:MORIS.MASSBAYS_TIDE_GATES_2016_PT~MORIS.MASSBAYS_TIDE_GATES_2016_PT::Default&bbox=-73.21488535122526,40.71255220940249,-68.36991464877403,43.38374409352211&coordUnit=dms&measureUnit=m&base=googleHybrid&center=-7880573.9200337,5170300.202344&zoom=8&opacity=1&baseO=1&filt=undefined"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">MORIS</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">.
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">An Executive Summary documenting follow-up work during summer and fall 2016, and the current status of all structures, is in development.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Grant Writing Workshops</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In the spring, MassBays, MassDEP, and Bay State Roads collaborated to present three professional development
workshops for municipal and nonprofit staff on writing proposals for state grants. The program included an introduction to logic models for project planning, budgeting considerations, and an opportunity for attendees to discuss their project ideas with state
grant program representatives. See the MassBays website for </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/mass-bays-program/publications/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">materials from the workshop</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> (scroll down
to “technical transfer resources”).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Blue Carbon, Green Eelgrass</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - With supplemental funding through
</span><a href="https://www.epa.gov/cre"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">EPA’s Climate Ready Estuaries program</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, MassBays supported scientists at MIT Sea Grant and EPA Region 1 to conduct research into the capacity of
eelgrass to store carbon over long periods (to aid in climate change mitigation). MassBays convened an expert roundtable to evaluate findings in the context of known sequestration by salt marshes. The experts concluded that carbon storage by this native seagrass
is comparable to that of marshes. EPA continues to invest in validating this new information across New England, while MassBays and MIT spread the word to resource managers and the public through new outreach products. For more information, see
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/mbp/publications/bluecarbon-greeneelgrass-2015-final.pdf"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Blue Carbon, Green Eelgrass: Estimating Carbon Storage in Eelgrass in the Gulf of Maine. 2015</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">
(PDF, 748 KB) and </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/mbp/publications/blue-carbon-2015-final-report-dmf-with-appendix.pdf"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Eelgrass Mapping in Cohasset and Sandwich in Support of Blue Carbon Studies. MA Division
of Marine Fisheries, 2016</span></i></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> (PDF, 4 MB).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Eelgrass Mapping
</span></i></b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">- </span></i><span style="font-size:10.0pt">MassBays secured resources to support efforts by DMF to
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/mbp/publications/rae2016-presentation-final.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">map eelgrass meadows</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> (PDF, 1 MB) in Duxbury-Kingston-Plymouth Bay and Salem Sound. The project
served to ground-truth maps produced by MassDEP based on historical aerial photos, and to lay the basis for identifying causes of eelgrass loss across the region.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="CZ-MailSubhead">Staff & People<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">In looking back over the year, CZM welcomes new staff (and existing staff in new roles) and thanks our dedicated interns.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Graphic Designer</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - After 18 years of inspired creativity on behalf of the Massachusetts coast, Arden Miller, CZM’s long-time
graphic artist, has followed the sun to Savannah, Georgia. In addition to designing hundreds of magazines, reports, posters, invitations, web images, and so many other impressive items, Arden served as a writer and editor for CZM’s
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/communications/coastlines/coastlines-archives-2002-2008.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Coastlines Magazine</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> and wrote many of the more interesting
CZM pieces, including these CZ-Tips: </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/communications/cz-tips/cz-tip-summer-evening.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Summer Evenings of Sunsets, Sand Sculpting, Sails, and More</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">;
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/communications/cz-tips/cz-tip-creatures.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Massachusetts Most Intriguing Marine Creatures</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">; and
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/communications/cz-tips/cz-tip-repurpose.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Repurposing with a Purpose</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">. She also managed CZM’s
</span><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/massczm/sets/"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:blue">Flickr Photo Gallery</span></strong></a><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">
</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">and COASTSWEEP social media, which includes
</span><a href="https://www.facebook.com/COASTSWEEP"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Facebook</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">,
</span><a href="https://twitter.com/coastsweep"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Twitter</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, and
</span><a href="https://instagram.com/coastsweep/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Instagram</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">. We will miss her unique perspective and commitment to her craft—from choosing the best possible font and grooming each line
of type to collecting colorful trash to make marine debris sculptures. Best of luck, Arden, in your new and warmer home!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Marine Spatial Planner</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In November, CZM’s Marine Spatial Planner, Emily Chambliss Huntley, relocated to North Carolina with
her family. Hired in 2008, Emily played an important role in the development of the groundbreaking 2009 Massachusetts Ocean Plan, and her mapping and analysis are imprinted on both that plan and its 2015 successor. Emily also worked on a myriad of other CZM
efforts, including seafloor mapping, developing and cultivating the Massachusetts Ocean Resource Information System (MORIS), delineating the Commonwealth’s Designated Port Areas (DPAs), and creating and maintaining much of spatial data that CZM uses on a daily
basis. We will miss her many technical skills, willingness to dig in to any project no matter how big or small, and unsurpassed attention to detail. Most of all, however, we will miss her friendly professionalism, work ethic, and pure positivity. Best of luck
Emily in all your future endeavors!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#222222">Marine GIS and Mapping Specialist</span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#222222"> - In November,
CZM welcomed Samantha Coccia-Schillo as the new Marine GIS and Mapping Specialist. Samantha, who recently graduated with a Master’s in Geographic Information Science for Development and Environment from Clark University, brings strong GIS and data analysis
skills to CZM. Her expertise will be applied to a bevy of CZM programs including seafloor mapping, our online mapping tool MORIS, coastal public access, and ocean planning. Welcome Samantha!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="CZ-MailParagraph"><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Internships</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - CZM welcomed the following interns to help with various projects through the summer and fall:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Ocean Planning Intern</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - During summer 2016, CZM hosted Fiona Maguire as the 2016 Ocean Planning intern. Fiona assisted CZM with
characterizing ocean-based aquaculture by researching, conducting interviews, and developing a document synthesizing policies, regulations, economic benefits, and potential conflicts. This work laid the groundwork for CZM to develop an offshore aquaculture
work group to support the </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/waste-mgnt-recycling/coasts-and-oceans/mass-ocean-plan/"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Massachusetts Ocean Management Plan</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt">. In addition, Fiona updated
the EEA </span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/energy-utilities-clean-tech/renewable-energy/wind/offshore-wind.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Wind Energy webpage</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> and assisted CZM in tracking emerging scientific
publications on climate change. Fiona is completing her senior year of studies in Marine Biology and Environmental Studies at Eckerd College in Florida.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">COASTSWEEP Intern</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - In June, CZM welcomed Brad Riew as the 2016 COASTSWEEP Intern. While at CZM, Brad contributed to this year’s
successful cleanup campaign by helping recruit new volunteer groups and creating a database of contacts for future coordinators. He also researched innovative methods to tackle the number one item found at cleanups—cigarette butts. Brad took a hands-on approach
to the job, collecting trash along the Charles River and the Boston Harborwalk, sorting it, logging it, and coming up with some creative ways to encourage people to recycle. Brad is now back at Harvard where he is a psychology major. Thank you Brad and good
luck with your studies! To learn more about beach cleanups in Massachusetts, see the
</span><a href="http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/czm/program-areas/communications/coastsweep/get-involved.html"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">COASTSWEEP</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> website.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">BUAR Archaeological Interns and Volunteers</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - During 2016, the Massachusetts Board of Underwater Archaeological Resources was
aided by a number of volunteers and hosted several unpaid interns. Their assistance was significant and very helpful to BUAR. Annika Heinold (Bridgewater State University) continued serving as an unpaid research assistant completing development of a site plan
for the <i>Ada K. Damon</i> shipwreck site. Reina Hernandez (Match Charter High School; now attending Assumption College) completed a one month unpaid internship in May assisting in administrative and research tasks. In September, Rico Roldan (University of
Guam) began an 18-month unpaid internship working on a variety of field, research, and administrative tasks. Dr. Naomi Riddiford (University of London) continued volunteering in the office. She specializes in paleo-environmental archaeology and pollen analysis.
BUAR unpaid Research Fellows, Leland Crawford (University of Southern Denmark) and Jennifer Jones (East Carolina University), along with Greg Lott, Caitlyn Gibbons, Catie Murphy, and Mike Moscho (the latter three are students from Salem State University),
assisted in field projects and educational programming. Madden Bremer (Salem State University) is currently working on transforming the BUAR site files into a geo-referenced database and shipwreck atlas. Thank you all for your valuable assistance!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]><span class="CZ-MailItem"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">MassBays Intern</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> - MassBays hosted Boston University graduate Nick Moreno as a paid intern to carry out three projects: 1) document
and characterize ongoing monitoring in Massachusetts Bay, Cape Cod Bay, and the North Shore; 2) conduct field visits and file reviews for the tide gate inventory; and 3) help plan and implement the Citizen Monitoring Coordinators’ Summit. Nick’s ability to
multitask and his facility with ArcGIS made him an invaluable member of the MassBays team from July to October 2016.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Commonwealth of Massachusetts - Charlie Baker, Governor<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Karyn E. Polito,</span></b><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> Lieutenant Governor<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs - Matthew A. Beaton, Secretary<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Office of Coastal Zone Management - Bruce K. Carlisle, Director<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Editor -
</span></b><a href="mailto:robin.lacey@state.ma.us?subject=January%202017%20CZ-Mail"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Robin Lacey</span></b></a><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">251 Causeway Street, Suite 800<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Boston, MA 02114-2136<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">(617) 626-1200<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">CZM Information Line - (617) 626-1212<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">CZM Website -
</span></b><a href="http://www.mass.gov/czm"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">www.mass.gov/czm</span></b></a><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">A publication of the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management pursuant<br>
to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Award No. NA134NOS4190068.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">This publication is funded (in part) by a grant/cooperative agreement from the<br>
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and<br>
do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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